You are required to write an essay in which you: • Identify a research question within a clearly defined field of research (up to 500 words); • Explain and justify the epistemological approach to be taken in the research (up to 500 words); choose only one epistemologie. • Explain and justify the design of your research and the impact of your epistemological approach in your choices (1500-2000 words); • Explain how your research will address issues of reliability, validity and ethics (up to 500 words). Learning Outcomes assessed: • Identify the similarities and differences, strengths and weaknesses of different research epistemologies; • Understand the relationships between specific ontological world views and their corresponding epistemologies, appropriate methodologies and methods; • Justify choices made in the selection of research methodologies and methods; • Critically assess research conducted in their home discipline/field of study on the basis of the epistemological assumptions made; • Demonstrate a knowledge of the characteristics of different research designs across the social sciences; • Formulate research problems and practicable research questions; • Relate research designs of different kinds to appropriate research questions; • Demonstrate an understanding of the concepts of validity and reliability in the context of different types of research design; • Explicate the relationships between empirical research and the development of theory in the social sciences; • Demonstrate an understanding of the ethics and politics underpinning professional social science research. • Critically assess the efficacy of particular methodologies or methods and their appropriateness to asking certain types of research questions; • Evaluate choices in epistemology, research design and associated methods made in the production of a research project; • Justify and defend such choices in the context of postgraduate research (for example in written work and in an oral defence of their research); • Justify the choice of research designs and associated methods in relation to specified research questions; • Demonstrate the ways in which (theoretical) conclusions are warranted by different kinds of empirical results; • Appreciate the importance of the relationship between ontology, epistemology, methodology and methods in their own discipline/field of study; • Critically evaluate the dominant paradigm in their discipline and, where appropriate, to identify alternative perspectives which might be brought to bear on their own research question; • Demonstrate an understanding of how and why particular forms of research design have come to dominate different disciplines; • Demonstrate an understanding of the potential advantages of applying alternative research designs to the dominant ones.